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COMPLICATIONS &
TREATMENTS

People with sickle cell disease (SCD) start to have signs of the disease during the first year of life, usually around 5 months of age. Symptoms and complications of SCD are different for each person and can range from mild to severe.

The reason that infants don’t show symptoms at birth is because baby--or fetal hemoglobin--protects the red blood cells from sickling. When the infant is around 4 to 5 months of age, the baby hemoglobin is slowly replaced by adult hemoglobin and the cells begin to sickle.

There is no single best treatment for all people with SCD. Treatment options are different for each person depending on the symptoms.

TREATMENTS

Click on each to learn more!

Colorful pills and tablets

Prescription Drugs & Therapies

Prescription therapies, including pills and injections/infusions are available to help treat complications due to sickle cell, but do not cure sickle cell. These include Hydroxyurea, Adakveo, and Endari.

Patient Waiting

Curative Options:
Gene Therapy / Transplants

Two curative gene therapies for sickle cell disease were approved by the FDA in late 2023. They are both approved for individuals 12 years and older. Bone marrow transplant, or stem cell transplant, is also a curative option. Both require a long process + chemo. Learn about our grant.

Fresh Blood Bag

Blood Exchanges & Transfusions

Blood exchanges and transfusions can help manage complications related to sickle cell by replacing sickled blood cells with healthy, round blood cells. Iron overload is a risk of exchanges and transfusions. This is done in a hospital setting.

Cell & Gene Therapy (CGT) Grant

Support Opportunities for Patients

 

CGT Grant aims to provide patient support for those who qualify for Cell & Gene Therapy (CGT). We offer wraparound services such as:

  • Patient education throughout the process

  • Screenings & Care Coordination

  • Support for non-Medicaid covered lodging/housing to address barriers before & after treatment

  • Nutrition support

  • Childcare reimbursement when provided by a licensed childcare provider

  • Parking Reimbursement for CGT appointments

  • Direct Patient/Peer support connections

 

Please reach out to learn more!
Email: cgt@scdai.org
Phone: 773-526-5016

 

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Robin’s sickle cell disease story: ‘With the help of blood transfusions, I’m still here’
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Blood Transfusions in Sickle Cell Disease
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Gene Therapy and Sickle Cell Disease
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© 2026 by SCDAI

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